충북연구원

[연구개요]

이 연구는 충북 지역 청소년들의 정체성 파악을 위해 기획되었으며 이를 위해 서울 지역과 비교연구로 진행되었다.

[연구내용의 요약]

Adler와 Adler(1994)의 지적처럼 이 연구에서는 기존연구의 한계를 극복하기 위하여 정량조사로서 설문지조사를 실시한 후 정성조사로서 심층면접조사를 진행하였다. 즉 정량조사를 1차로 진행한 후 여기에서 나온 결과를 활용하여 2차조사로서 질적 조사를 진행하였다. 정량조사에서는 일반적인 청소년들의 지역 정체성에 대한 여러가지 태도를 분석하고 이를 바탕으로 정성조사에서 원인 및 경로 등에 대한 상세한 조사를 진행하였다. 표본은 연구의 편의성 및 지역내 공통성을 고려, 비확율 표본추출로 하되 지역별 할당은 고려하였다. 심층면접 대상자는 언어표현력이나 사고력 등에 관한 일반적인 관념을 활용, 고등학생으로 한정하였으며 기타 대상자 시 고려사항은 연구의 편의성은 물론 한국 사회의 사회문화적인 특성 중 미디어에 의한 획일성(유행 등)과 함께 청소년들이 부모의 정확한 학력, 수입 등에 대한 지식없음 및 기존에 보고된 연구 및 정성조사의 특성 등을 근거로 비확율 표집으로 추출하였다. 심층면접(in depth interview)은 설문조사시 추출된 항목에 대해 심리상담 전문가의 자문을 거쳐 진행하였으며 피면접자들의 어휘구사력, 속도, 어구 선택 등등은 전적으로 피면접자의 견해를 존중하였다. 특히 피면접자들의 외계어 등 독특한 언어사용 등을 고려, 개인별 담론을 하나의 텍스트로 취급하였다. 심층면접과 같은 인터뷰는 특정시대나 공간 안에서 상호간에 일어나는 매우 구체적인 사회적 대면행위이며 의견교환과정을 통해 지식을 얻는 능동적인 사회적 만남(Negus, 1999, 10-11)으로 상호작용성을 고려, 관련 전문가의 참석은 물론 시간, 위치, 질문 등을 함에 있어 피면접자가 어색함이나 당혹감(특히 성적으로 민감한 질문 등은 1대1로 진행하여 내담자의 비밀보장을 유지) 두려움 등등을 느끼지 않도록 신중히 기획하여 진행하였으며 아울러 보다 솔직한 정보를 얻기 위하여 피면접자를 구하면서 수당에 대한 언급도 하였다. 중간분석(interim analysis)으로서 자료의 분석, 부가적 자료수집과 분석 등이 순환적으로 이루어졌다. 즉 자료녹취, 필기, 필사본 반복해서 읽기, 자료의 분절화와 코딩, 단어와 코드화된 유목세기(enumeration), 자료속의 관계와 테마 탐색 등으로 이어졌다. 연구자의 객관성 문제는 ‘객관적’개념보다는 특정위치에서 형성되는 현실과 해석의 문제(Ang, 1989)로 자기성찰성(selfreflexivity)인정되며 정체성의 구성항목으로 지역성, 사회성, 문화적 가치 등 포함하였다. 여기서 지역성은 지역 이미지, 지역 언어 등을 포함했으며 사회성으로 전국적 이슈에 대한 관심, 가족관계 등을, 문화적 가치로 충, 효, 예 및 성적 정체성 등을 포함했다. 따라서 이러한 하위 항목으로 질문지가 구성되었다. 연구의 진행순서는 (비)수도권 청소년의 정체성파악을 위해 정량조사 질문지 구성 → 정성조사 질문 순이었다. 그 밖에 문헌연구로서 이론적 배경 및 해외 유관 조사 등과 비교하였다.

연구 결과 지역 청소년들은 지역 언어에 대해서 촌스럽거나 예의없다는 것으로 생각하고 있었다. 이러한 촌스러움은 지역의 이미지와도 직접적으로 연결되었다. 충북 지역의 이미지는 서울이나 대전 등 대도시와 비교하여 형성된 것으로 보이는데 촌스러움 이외의 특별한 콘텐츠가 없었다. 지역전통/관습의 보존과 관련하여서는 서울, 충북 두지역 청소년 모두 잘 모르고 있었다. 또한 두지역 모두 타지역 사람들에 대한 느낌으로 특별한 거리감을 못 느끼는 것으로 나타났다. 충북지역 청소년들은 지역민들을 성격이 급하다고 평가하고 있었다. 충북 지역의 청소년들이 가장 많이 알고 있는 문화유적은 직지였지만 구체적인 지식은 없었다. 또한 지역 음식에 대한 관심도 낮았다. 정주의사와 관련하여 서울지역에 비해 자긍심이 낮았으며 일부 청소년들은 이주의사를 확실히 밝히기도 했다. 지역 청소년들은 지역에 산다는 것에 대해서 자긍심보다는 ‘촌스럽다’고 스스로 생각하는 경향이 많았는데 이의 원인이 건물이나 사투리같은 외형적인 것 때문이었다. 성과 관련하여서는 두 지역간 차이가 없었다. 중학생 때 성경험을 처음해보고, 많은 학생들이 피임도구를 지니고 다닌다는 점은 향후 청소년 교육 등에 시사하는 바가 크다고 할 수 있다. 지역청소년들은 성적인 특성은 그다지 드러내지 않았다. 부모의 역할과 관련하여 향후 자신의 결혼 등에 대한 태도에 극명한 영향을 받음이 드러났다. 자살과 관련, 지역 청소년들은 서울에 비해 상대적으로 스트레스를 덜받는 것으로 보였다. 충, 효, 예와 관련 지역별 차이는 없었으나 충에 대한 생각은 전무하다시피했다. 예는 서열화된 특성으로 가지고 있었다. 이러한 가치의 변화는 정보화 사회의 진전 및 국가중심주의에 대한 반발로 사려된다.

[정책건의]

이 연구에 의하면 지역청소년들이 지역에 대한 자긍심도 없고 지역에 대한 구체적인 지식과 정보 역시도 없는 편이었다. 따라서 지역에 대한 마케팅이든 홍보든 지역민과 그 밖의 사람들을 대상으로 지역 관련 정책의 집행시에 프로그램 개발을 위한 다양한 지원은 물론 자긍심 고취를 위한 다양한 방법 특히 권위있는 외부기관 등을 이용하는 것 등이 대안으로 제시될 수 있겠다. 이를 통해서만이 지역이라면 무조건적으로 촌스럽다는 고정관념과 선입견을 지니고 있는 청소년들에게 지속적, 누적적으로 지역이 가치있음이라는 명제를 주지시킬 수 있을 것이다.

[연구개요]

충북의 농축산물을 수출하는 업체 현황과 지원 실태를 조사하여 농축산물 수출의 촉진과 확대를 위한 방안을 제시하는데 목적을 두었다.

[연구내용 요약]

충청북도에 소재한 농축산물 수출 업체들은 대체로 최근에 설립된 회사들이 많았으며, 매출액은 1~50억원, 그리고 종업원 수는 1~20명이 대부분이었다. 주요 수출품은 대부분 농산가공품이며 품목별로는 고춧가루가 가장 많았다. 수출액은 1000만달러 이하가 대부분이며 직접수출이 많았다. 2008년 수출 여건을 전년과 비교하였을 때 다소 호전되었다고 느끼는 업체들이 많았는데, 마케팅 활동 강화에 의한 것이라고 하였다. 한편 수출이 악화되었다고 느끼는 업체들은 원료 가격 상승을 그 이유로 제시하였다. 수출할 때 최대 애로사항은 신규 바이어 발굴이라고 하였다.수출 방식은 직수출, 직수출+로컬수출이 가장 많았는데 로컬수출만 하는 경우에도 해외거래처만 확보된다면 직수출을 하겠다는 응답이 많았다. 신규 바이어를 확보할 수만 있다면 직수출의 비율이 더욱 높아질 것으로 예상된다. 농축산물의 주요 수출국은 미국, 일본, 동남아, 중국의 순이었으며, 바이어는 현지인과 해외동포가 비슷한 비중을 차지하고 있다. 향후 농축산물 수출에 있어서 주요 경쟁국은 중국을 가장 많이 뽑았다.

[정책건의]

농축산물 수출에는 국내 수급 상황, 농업생산비, 운송 및 저장 등 물류시스템, 환율 변화 수출통관 절차, 해외마케팅 등 여러 단계에서 애로요인이 많으므로 단계별로 지원방안을 수립할 필요가 있다.

Ⅰ. 서론

Ⅱ. 농축산물의 수출,입 현황

Ⅲ. 농축산물의 해외 유통과 관련 제도

Ⅳ. 농축산물의 수출 확대 방안

Ⅴ. 요약 및 결론

Ⅰ. 서론

Ⅱ. 철도산업 특성 및 동향

Ⅲ. 충북의 철도산업 여건 및 생태계 특성

Ⅳ. 해외사례와 시사점

Ⅴ. 철도 클러스터 단지 조성방향

제Ⅰ장 서론 ···················································································1

1. 연구의 배경 및 목적 ··················································································1

2. 연구의 범위 및 방법 ··················································································5

제Ⅱ장 치유농업의 정의와 해외동향 ···················································6

1. 치유농업의 정의 ·······················································································6

2. 해외 치유농업 정책 방향 ·········································································10

3. 선행연구 ··································································································15

제Ⅲ장 국내 및 충북의 치유농업 현황 ···············································19

1. 국내 치유농업 정책 및 실태 ···································································19

2. 충북 지원정책 및 치유농업 사례 ····························································31

제Ⅳ장 충북의 치유농업 활성화 방안 ·················································38

1. 조례 등을 활용한 적극적 지원방안 ·························································40

2. 지역 전문기관과 연계 ··············································································41

3. 지역별 맞춤형 프로그램 개발 ··································································43

4. 치유농업 대상별 홍보방안 ·······································································47

제Ⅴ장 결론 ···················································································49

1. 연구결과 요약 ·····················································································49

2. 연구의 한계점 및 향후 과제 ·······························································52

참고문헌 ·······················································································53

제Ⅰ장 서론 ······················································································1

1. 연구 배경 및 목적 ·····················································································1

2. 연구 범위 및 방법 ·····················································································4

제Ⅱ장 선행연구 및 관련 동향 분석 ·····················································6

1. 선행연구 ······································································································6

2. 중소기업 관련 동향 ··················································································10

3. 주요국 관련 정책 분석 ············································································11

  1) 미국 ·······································································································11

  2) EU ········································································································15

  3) 독일 ·······································································································17

  4) 일본 ·······································································································18

  5) 중국 ·······································································································20

  6) 러시아 ···································································································24

  7) 시사점 ···································································································26

4. 국내 관련 정책 분석 ················································································29

  1) 연혁 ·······································································································29

  2) 주요 정책 ······························································································30

  3) 충청북도 관련 정책 ··············································································39

  4) 시사점 ···································································································45

제Ⅲ장 충북 현황 분석 ········································································48

1. 도내 제조업 동향 ·····················································································48

  1) 도내 제조업체 동향 ··············································································48

  2) 충북의 산업구조 ···················································································51

  3) 기초 지자체별 동향 ··············································································54

2. 도내 무역 관련 동향 ················································································56

  1) 수출입 동향 ··························································································56

  2) 해외투자 ································································································65

3. 시사점 ·······································································································74

제Ⅳ장 충북 제조업 수출기업화 관련 실태조사 ·································76

1. 조사개요 ····································································································76

2. 조사결과 분석 ···························································································80

  1) 글로벌시장 진출 여부 ··········································································80

  2) 해외시장 진출 계획·방법·대상국 ·························································89

  3) 해외시장 진출 애로요인 ·······································································92

  4) 해외시장 진출시 지원기관 및 지원제도 활용현황 ······························94

  5) 글로벌 시장 진출시 지원기관 서비스 ·················································98

  6) 글로벌 업무 전담인력 ········································································101

  7) 글로벌 시장 진출을 위한 기술혁신 필요성 ······································105

  8) 글로벌시장 진출을 위한 교육 필요성 ···············································108

3. 시사점 ·····································································································115

제Ⅴ장 결론: 정책적 제언 ·································································119

1. 중소기업 해외진출 지원정책의 전략적 방향 ·········································119

2. 중소기업 해외진출 지원정책 개선방안 ··················································121

  1) 중소기업 해외진출 지원체계 개선 및 지원정책 위상 강화 ·············121

  2) 수출기업의 외연 확대 ········································································122

  3) 산업･기업별 지원프로그램 강화 ························································123

  4) 진출 대상지역 다각화에 대응 ···························································125

  5) 기타 ····································································································126

참고문헌 ························································································129

부록 ·······························································································134

제Ⅰ장 서론 ················································································1

1. 연구 배경 및 목적 ·····················································································1

2. 연구 내용 및 방법 ·····················································································3

제Ⅱ장 특허 경제적 가치 이론적 배경 및 문헌 고찰 ··························5

1. 특허 경제적 가치 이론적 배경 ··································································5

2. 특허 경제적 가치 결정요인 선행 연구 ······················································8

제Ⅲ장 국내 특허료 체계 특징 ························································9

1. 국내 특허료 체계 ·······················································································9

2. 국내 특허료 감면 제도 ············································································13

제Ⅳ장 국내외 지식재산권 일반 현황 ··············································14

1. 해외 지식재산권 현황 ··············································································14

2. 국내 지식재산권 현황 ··············································································19

3. 충북 지식재산권 현황 ··············································································23

제Ⅴ장 충북 특허 경제적 가치 결정요인 분석 ··································26

1. 연구 자료 및 모형 ···················································································26

2. 추정 결과 ··································································································34

제Ⅵ장 결론 및 시사점 ·································································40

1. 요약 및 정책적 시사점 ············································································40

2. 연구의 한계 및 향후 연구 방향 ······························································43

부록 ··························································································45

참고문헌 ····················································································53

제Ⅰ장 연구 개요 ·············································································1

1. 배경 및 목적 ······························································································1

2. 주요 연구내용 ·····························································································2

3. 연구수행체계 ·······························································································5

4. 연구의 기대효과 ·························································································6

제Ⅱ장 디지털 전환 시기의 산업경쟁력 강화요인 고찰 ·······················7

1. 디지털 전환과 제조업 경쟁력 상관성 ························································7

2. 지능형(스마트) 제조기술 요소 ·································································12

3. 디지털 전환에 따른 제조업 기회·위협 요인 ···········································21

제Ⅲ장 국내․외 산업 디지털 전환 동향 ··············································26

1. 해외 산업 디지털 전환 동향 ···································································26

2. 국내 산업 디지털 전환 추진현황 ····························································44

3. 국내 제조업 디지털 전환 대응 현황 ·······················································52

4. 충북 제조기업 디지털 전환 추진현황 ·····················································55

제Ⅳ장 산업 디지털 전환 경쟁력 요인 및 충북 대응전략 ················67

1. 산업 디지털 전환 경쟁력 요인 ································································67

2. 제조업 DX전환 고도화 지원 전략 ··························································78

3. DX전환 공급기술 경쟁력 확보 전략 ·······················································82

4. 충북형 DX전환 지원전략 수립 전략 ·······················································85

5. DX전환 지원기반 강화 ············································································87

제Ⅴ장 결론 및 제언 ···········································································89

1. 결론 요약 ··································································································89

2. 정책제언 ····································································································91

참고문헌 ···························································································93

농촌지역은 민간 병(의)원의 미비로 인한 의료자원의 부족, 원거리 주거지 등으로 인해 돌봄 및 보건의료서비스 전달에 한계가 많다. 그리하여 농촌지역 보건의료의 공공성을 강화할 대책 마련이 꾸준히 제기되고 있다. 농촌지역이 많은 충북은 공공보건의료 실태에서치료가능 사망률, 태아 사망률, 영아 사망률, 암 사망률 등이 전국 평균보다 높게 나타나고있다. 보건의료의 인프라와 지역별 편차도 심하다.
농촌지역의 공공보건의료 강화를 위해 응급의료, 방문진료, 방문간호를 중심으로 일본 사례와 대안의료인 의료복지사회적협동조합, 정부의 일차의료 방문진료와 재택의료 센터 시범사업의 경험과 실태를 조사하였다.
일본은 우선 응급의료에서 지역의 책임과 역할을 강조하고 있다. 지역마다 지자체, 지역 소방, 지역병원과 함께 응급의료 지역 협의체를 구성하여 지역이 보유한 의료기관 인프라를 효율적으로 활용하고 있다. 재택의료는 지역포괄케어의 영향으로 현재 재택의료 수가 체계가 명확히 규정되어 있다. 방문간호는 의사 지시서에 따라 병원이나 진료소 같은 의료기관과 방문간호센터에서 일주일에 1~3회 제공하며, 방문 시간이 30~90분 범위라면 의료보험을 적용받을 수 있다.
한국의 시민사회 대안의료로 도농복합지 성격의 원주, 광주 광산구와 농촌 군지역의 산청, 홍성 의료사협 실태조사에서 전반적으로 도농 및 농촌지역 방문진료, 방문간호의 필요가 크지만, 의료인력과 조합원 확보, 원거리 진료 시 저수가 등의 문제를 가지고 있었다.
2019년 12월 27일부터 16개 지자체의 지역사회통합돌봄 시범사업 추진과 더불어 시행되었던 ‘일차의료 방문진료 수가 시범사업’에서 농촌 노인형 시범사업을 시행했던 진천은 시범사업예산을 활용하여 군내 종합병원 입원환자의 초기 상담과 이를 통하여 퇴원 후 여러 가지 복지 서비스를 병원에서 각 읍면동에 신청 연계 의뢰하여 관리, 지원을 도왔다. 반면 청양군은 군내 민간의료기관이 전무하여 지역 보건의료원에서 방문진료, 방문건강관리 프로그램을 진행하였다.
보건복지부는 지역사회통합돌봄사업을 1차로 22년에 종결하고 사업이 복지와 돌봄에 치중되었다는 판단 아래 의료고도화를 위한 ‘장기요양 재택의료센터 시범사업’으로 전환한다. 참여 의료기관은 의사, 간호사, 사회복지사 등 3명 이상으로 담당팀을 구성해야 하며 방문진료 월 1회, 방문간호 월 2회 이상, 기타 돌봄서비스 연계 등의 서비스를 제공해야 한다. 군지역 보건소에서 신청하여 유일하게 선정된 진천에서는 민간에 위탁하여 1차 의료기관인 진천의원이 재택의료서비스를 제공하고 있다. 청양은 진천처럼 민간병원이 있는 지역이 아니고 사업이 보건의료원에 방문진료 수가 책정이 되지 않기에 이번 사업에는 신청할 수 없었다. 낮은 방문진료 수가와 농촌 수요, 의료 인프라를 고려한다면 농촌에서 방문진료 사업에 참여하기는 사실상 어렵다.
보건의료의 민주적 공공성은 누구나 배제, 소외, 불평등이 발생하지 않고 참여하는 민주성이 담보되어야 한다. 조사 결과를 바탕으로 공공보건의료의 민주적 공공성 강화를 위한 제안을 해보고자 한다.
첫째, 제3의 대안적 의료로 시민사회의 의료사협은 충북에 개설된 곳은 없다. 도나 도내 지자체에서 의료사협 설치에 관심이 있는 시민사회를 지원하여 공공보건의료를 보완할 수 있다.
둘째, 정부의 일차의료방문진료와 재택의료센터사업에 농촌 군지역에서 충북 진천이 유일하게 선정되어 사업을 진행하고 있다. 방문진료에 인적, 물적 제한이 있어서 충분한 서비스에는 한계가 있으므로 도나 지자체에서 지원하여 서비스를 확대해 볼 수 있다.
셋째, 도내 군지역에서 민간 병(의)원조차 찾기 어려운 곳도 있다. 이러한 의료 취약지역은 1 지자체 형태가 아니라 권역별로 묶어서 민간 병(의)원 간의 연계 및 협진 방식을 통해 방문진료나 방문간호를 도모할 수 있다.
넷째, 디지털 원격의료는 한국에서 거의 20년간 시범사업 중이다. 1차 진료가 아닌 만성질환자 관리나 한정된 병종이나 특정 계층을 대상으로 한 시범사업은 지역적 수요에 따라 얼마든지 가능할 수 있다. 디지털 원격의료는 소외 지역의 의료접근성을 향상할 수 있으므로 이에 대한 충북도와 지자체의 관심이 필요하다.
다섯째, 충북도는 올해부터 2026년까지 공공의료가 취약한 도내 7개 지자체의 민간병원에서 운영하는 응급실이 24시간 정상적으로 운영될 수 있도록 전담인력 인건비를 지원한다. 기존 민간병원을 지원하여 공공성을 강화하고자 하는 정책이다. 즉 민간에 공공의 역할을 부여하는 것으로 민주적 공공성 확보에 도움이 된다.
여섯째, 응급의료체계에서도 일본처럼 지역 중심의 응급의료 지역 협의체를 구성하여 지역이 보유한 의료기관 인프라를 효율적으로 활용하는 방안을 찾아야 한다.
결론적으로 정부가 지역 보건의료 기반을 확충시킬 필요가 있지만, 현실적으로 한계가 있으므로 한정된 지역 보건의료자원을 최대한 활용하는 방안을 찾아야 한다. 제반 주체들이 시민의 보건의료 향상을 위해 참여 및 기여할 책임이 있으므로 국가(공공의료기관), 시장(민간 의료시설), 시민사회(의료사협) 등이 협력, 협업, 연계할 방안을 마련하는 것이다.

Ⅰ. 서 론 - 1

1. 연구 배경과 목적 - 3

2. 연구 방법과 내용 - 5

II.  충북의 공공보건의료 실태와 대책 - 7

1. 충북의 공공보건의료 실태 - 9

2. 충북의 공공보건의료 강화 대책 - 12

Ⅲ. 해외 사례 : 일본 - 15

1. 인구구조 변화에 따른 의료수요와 대응 방향 - 17

2. 응급의료체계, 재택의료와 방문간호 - 19

Ⅳ. 국내 공공보건의료 강화를 위한 정책 및 시도들 - 25

1. 시민사회 대안의료 ‘의료복지사회적협동조합’ - 27

2. 정부 ‘일차의료방문진료와 재택의료 센터사업’ - 32

3. 기타 논의 및 시도 : ‘디지털 원격진료’, ‘민관협력의원’ - 36

Ⅴ. 충북 공공보건의료 개선방안 - 41

1. 요약 - 43

2. 정책적 제안 - 45

참고문헌 - 49

Appendix - 55

1. ABSTRACT - 57

2. Table of Contents - 59